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- NATION, Page 40WELFARECutting the Costs
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- California's Pete Wilson offers a sweeping plan to slash payments
- and change the behavior of the poor
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- Pete Wilson is delivering a stark message this Christmas
- season to 2.2 million welfare recipients in California: It's
- becoming too expensive to support you. Facing a $3.6 billion
- deficit (over and above last year's $14 billion), the Republican
- Governor has called for an amendment to the state constitution
- granting him power to delete $600 million worth of social
- service programs from the state budget.
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- Wilson's proposal is a combination of fiscal conservatism
- and enforced behavioral modification for those who receive Aid
- to Families with Dependent Children, a program that costs the
- state $6 billion each year. If approved by a majority of voters
- next November, the measure would automatically reduce AFDC
- payments 10%, lowering the monthly payment to a single mother
- with two children from $663 to $597. Furthermore, mothers who
- have additional children would not receive more financial aid,
- and yearly cost-of-living adjustments for AFDC would be
- eliminated. Newcomers from elsewhere in the U.S. would be
- limited during their first year in California to what they would
- have received in the states they had left.
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- Democrats in the legislature condemned the measure as a
- demagogic attack on AFDC. In addition, some advocates of welfare
- rights question the constitutionality of denying benefits to
- newborn children. But state officials note that
- public-assistance expenditures are growing at a 12% annual rate,
- and they claim people are migrating to California to take
- advantage of the state's higher welfare payments. In an
- interview with TIME last month, Wilson talked about the tough
- choices ahead: "What we are going to have to do, I think, is
- make an internal decision to be less generous . . . There is a
- limit to what we can absorb." Despite Wilson's fears, statistics
- indicate that only 6% of California AFDC families have lived in
- the state less than 12 months.
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- California's initiative follows the lead set by Michigan
- last October, when Republican Governor John Engler threw 90,000
- "able-bodied" adults off the welfare rolls in an effort to close
- a projected $1 billion budget gap. But Engler's "solution" has
- produced more chaos than cure. Michigan's unemployment rate is
- greater than 9%, and even highly qualified workers are finding
- it hard to get a job. In the wake of Engler's edict, thousands
- of welfare recipients have lost their apartments; seven people
- who were disqualified from receiving welfare have died from
- exposure this winter.
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- Although Michigan's tough approach has few defenders, a
- majority of voters strongly endorse the notion that states
- should compel those on public relief to meet certain
- requirements in exchange for being supported. A proposal under
- consideration in Maryland is typical: welfare mothers could lose
- 30% of their benefits if they do not pay rent, make sure their
- children are immunized against diseases and keep them in school.
- The budgetary crises facing the states will accelerate the
- trend.
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- By David Ellis. Reported by William McWhirter/Detroit and
- Edwin M. Reingold/Los Angeles
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